History of iron acquisition

With the rise and development of iron smelting industry, mining iron ore discovery and origin, each generation more. Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 221 BC), according to "Shan Hai Jing Wu Zang Shan Jing" Iron Mountain has produced record 37. Han Dynasty (119 BC) in 49 iron-producing regions to set iron officer. Tang Dynasty, according to the "New Book of Tang Geography" records,uranium ore dressing equipment at the national production of iron mountain 104. Ming Dynasty, there are iron ore producing 130. To the early Qing Dynasty (AD 1644 - 1840) Origin of iron ore to the development of as many as 134. Most of the ancient mining residual surface weathering, accumulation of iron ore mining and river shore, and the exposed surface of the shallow ore body. Mining methods are:(1) open cultivated indigenous land tillage has iron ore along above the ground. "Heavenly Creations" reads: earth ingots (ie, limonite nodules) "shallow topsoil surface, can not have the deep hole," "If the rule of fry from refining, who picked up the float. And wet by the rain, the cattle farming from soil, pick up their patch of land within a few were. " This is the ancient records of a special mining method.(2) open digging method for extraction of surface outcrops of iron ore body. 1974 Northeast Pacific in Anshan ditch excavated these ancient mining pits, pit-shaped on the width 10m, under the narrow-2m, depth 10m, funnel-shaped. Clearly the ancient open-pit mining sites. Qing Dynasty Temple of child exploitation groove (Nanfen) iron ore, is that people use in surface outcrops at the first crevice pry bar, and then fire (hot method), through thermal expansion or contraction, so broken, take ore.(3) underground pit chisel chisel method that deepened along pit ore mining ore. In Henan, Jiangsu, Heilongjiang, some of the ruins of ancient iron ore, are found in the shaft, inclined shaft and tunnel directly to the ancient cave mining ore. Indicating that it has been different according to ore occurrence, using different extraction methods, to explore the Han Gong County, Henan raw iron ore along the groove parallel to the roadway excavation, and tilt along the ore body were little inclined uphill and downhill direct mining. Shaft with square and round two, usually in the middle or the side of the ore body down mining ore. Further use of the gently inclined inclined orebody. Jiangsu Li Han iron smelting site near the National Cave Hill ancient shaft, shaft diameter 1.5m, a depth of approximately 10m.As mining technology improved, more and more deep mine. Pandaoling Heilongjiang Cheng five regions to explore iron ore gold mid-depth of 40m, the mine was stepped, with mining and mineral processing wells (hand selected) of the different work area, as well as light holes and mining tools.(4) Tiefu ancient mining tools, hammers, Tiezhui, picks and an anvil and so on. As found in Henan Han Dynasty, Song Dynasty some of the iron ore mining tools are Tiefu, hammer, Tiezhui, picks, etc., taken in the ancient rock walls of the hole also left behind Tiefu, Tiezhui of Chiseled. To modern times (1840 to 1949), mining of iron ore mines most of the ancient cave in (mining site), based on the established. It has access to many of the 40 mining records, which have different degrees of surface has been investigated and ore quality tests. Some of mine began to gradually adopt new mining, transportation methods and equipment, and lean ore sorting. Relatively large-scale mining. Such as Liaoning, Anshan Iron Gongchangling 1933 to 1945 average annual ore production of about 60 million t, the maximum annual production of 100 million t; iron ore mining equipment Daye iron ore in 1942, the highest annual output of 144 million t; Maanshan Iron Nanshan District 1941, the most productive ore 900,000 t. The three iron ore mining is the main producing areas of China's modern period is the ancient origin of the famous iron ore.